Method of indicating the cope side of patterns and castings



' is concerned.

Patented Feb. 2, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,571,353 PATENT OFFICE.

LEE R. WETHERILL, OF ROXBOROUGH, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF INDICATIN'G THE COPE SIDE. OF PATTERNS .AND CASTINGS.

No Drawing.

T0 all whom 2'2? may can earn:

Be it known that 1, Lin: It. VVETHERILL, citizen of the United States, and resident of lloxborough, Philadelphia, in the countyof Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Indicating the Cope Side of Patterns and Castings,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a method of indicating, by means of a standard symbol, the cope side of patterns and castings. The standard symbol being, preferably, a siX- pointed star having the capital letter C engraved thereon, which will at once indicate through standard practice to those interested, such as the pattern maker, foundryman and machinist, the top or cope side of patterns and castings.

The object of my invention is to eliminate defective castings dueto the foundryman, because of lack of information, molding a pattern improperly so far as the relation of the pattern to the cope or drag of the mold Likewise, to indicate, by means of such standard symbol reproduced on the casting, to the machinist the cope side of the casting which is the most likely to be defective. It is well known in the art that the cope side of a casting is most likely to be porous and contain innumerable blow holes. There is at present no standard symbol or designation which may be used throughout the drawing, pattern and casting to indicate the preference of position in the mold for the guidance of the various parties before enumerated.

My object is to standardize on a symbol such as, for example, the six-pointed star with the capital C indicated thereon so that such symbol when attached to the cope side of a pattern will be universally recognized by all foundrymen and machinists as indicating the relation which the pattern and resulting casting occupied with respect to the cope side of the mold. They will know that the portion of the pattern indicated by such designation is to be imbedded in the cope side of the mold.

Some of the advantages of the system are as follows:

There will be no choice left to the foundryman as to the position in which he is to mold the castings, and therefore the draft of the pattern will be in the proper direction for removal from the mold. The resulting Application filed February 5, 1924. Serial No. 690,867.

portions at the points where they can be tolerated the most. At the present time, on a great many patterns the draft is so slight that the molder cannot tell the preferred position which the pattern is to occupy in the mold.

The machinist will immediately know the side of the casting which is most likely to be defective and can therefore be guided accordingly. For instance, if both sides of the castings must be machined, and if both sides must be perfectly sound, the machinist will preferably make his cuts on the indicated or cope side, so that if the casting at this point is too porous to pass the finishing specification, no further work need be done, and the largestpart of machine work on a defective casting is thus ellminated.

Onythe other hand, if only one side is to be machined and there is an equal choice as to which is the side to machine, the machine operator will preferably select the drag side of the casting as he is most certain of obtaining a sound portion by so doing. Furthermore, it is often the case that the porous portion on the cope side is of but limited depth and that by machining the cope side first it is still possible to increase the depth of cutto a point where the casting will be clean, and not having machined the drag portion of the casting there will thus be suflicient metal remaining to permit of finishing the side opposed to the cope. This most likely would not be the case had the operator finished the drag side first and allowed only the usual amount of metal for the machining of the cope portion of the casting.

Actual experience in several large shops has shown that the system will result in the saving of a large number of castings and likewise a large amount of machine work. "When it is considered that machine work often takes days to complete and that the defects in the top or cope side of a casting may not appear until the work has been completed, it can readily be understood how a standardized method will result in large savings.

In order that the system may be clearly understood, the following method of operation is given as an example:

The draftsman is to indicate on the drawing the cope side of castings, being guided by the requirements of machine work, strength, etc., which that particular piece calls for. The pattern maker will indicate on the pattern the cope side by means of stamping, forming or affixing a standardized pattern symbol such as the six-pointed star before mentioned. He will, likewise, see to it that the draft on the pattern is in the proper direction. This will tell the foundryman and molder just how the pattern is to be positioned in the mold, and the resulting cast will carry this symbol or designation for the use of the machinist. With the practice standardized, the machinist will at once know the significance of the symbol and he will be instructed to look for defects at the starred portion of the casting and will therefore do his machining in accordance therewith.

Although I have herein described the use of a certain pattern symbol such as the sixpointed star, it shall be understood, how- .ever, that other symbol or indicating means may be used in its place. Similarly, of course, the drag portion of a pattern could be indicated instead of the cope portion.

But what I specifically claim as my nvention is the use of any symbol or indication which will appear on the pattern and subsequently-on the casting, and will infallibly indicate to the pattern maker, foundryman .ested in the selection of either the best or worst side of a casting.

What I claim is-- 1. The method of utilizing patterns in casting to indicate the position occupied by the casting in the mold during the casting thereof, which consists in providing the pattern at a selected point on the surface thereof, with a symbol of a character to be impressed on the mold surface, and to be reproduced on thecasting, the symbol acting also as a guide to the placing of the pattern in the mold. v

2. A pattern for use in the formation of mold cavities for castings, having at a selected point on the surface thereof a symbol of a character to be impressed on the mold surface and reproduced on the casting, to serve as a guide in the placing of the pattern and as an indication on the casting of the position occupied thereby during the casting. v

Signed at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, this 16 day of January A. D. 1924.

LEE R. \VETHERILL. 

